Cultural Reconciling Policy and Principle †Free Samples to Students

Question: Talk about the Cultural Reconciling Policy and Principle. Answer: Presentation Worldwide business incorporates the business exercises that are embraced for advancing the administrations, merchandise, individuals, thoughts, assets, and innovative access across national limits. The universal business regularly happens in various arrangement (Besley, 2015). For example, the organizations need to move the products starting with one nation then onto the next during which the firm requires building up the global business. Business development in an alternate nation is another critical part of setting up the worldwide business. Nonetheless, while building up the global business in a nation, it is significant for the business advertisers to perceive the market possibility and the outside difficulties that essentially make sway on the business activities. The examination investigates the legitimate and world of politics in UK to recognize the possibility of working together. The investigation would build up the away from of the extensive factors and issues that have the conspicuous effects on the business elements. World of politics in UK Joined Kingdom is one of the created nations that experience balanced out political structure. The stale political situation of the nation pulls in numerous outside financial specialists for building up their business or contributing capital sum for the neighborhood brands (Bekaert et al., 2016). The nation has accomplished the 6th situation in the monetary ground. It is seen that UK is a sacred government, however very emblematic in nature. The reorganization in the financial division has empowered the nation to pull in very nearly 23 billion in outside direct venture (FDI) (Export.gov. 2018). Hence, the nation has accomplished the main situation for the outside speculators to build up their business. Both the neighborhood and outside need to cover 21% expense though the individual personal assessment rate is up to 20% (Doingbusiness.org. 2018). In any case, after the event of the Brexit procedure, the outside financial specialists need to adhere to both the UK government rules and EU guidelines. Such guidelines can be trying for the remote business financial specialists. The remote nations can contribute more on the assembling divisions by growing increasingly inventive innovations. In any case, it has been seen that the EU submission and the Brexit impacts are very trying for the outside speculators (Export.gov. 2018). The exacting EU guidelines once in a while make the blocks in contributing on the products and utilizing the neighborhood labor (Subedi, 2016). Then again, it has been seen that the UK government has acquainted the profound cuts with the open areas that are influencing a significant number of the business and forestalling the outside speculators in putting the capitals in the exchange organizations. Lawful Environment in working together in UK Business advertisers need to follow the essential legitimate viewpoints while working together in UK. The most significant legitimate part of UK is the tax assessment process. It is watched England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales are the isolated purview for the lawful purposes (Bekaert et al., 2016). There is no limitation in the remote ventures or any possession. Banking, resistance, budgetary administrations, and media industry can benefit the chance to get to the UK showcase for additional benefits. As a matter of first importance worry of the outside business advertisers is about the information assurance standards. Each outside business requires following the Data Protection Act 1998 when the business would utilize any close to home information (Stahl Tung, 2015). The guidelines in the monetary help industry in UK are a lot of severe. The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 directs the functionalities worried about the monetary records and business administrations (C avusgil et al., 2014). Additionally, the remote business advertisers even face the significant difficulties from the tax assessment, showcasing understandings, and scholarly properties also. In the post-Brexit period, the outside financial specialists need to adhere to both the UK government rules and EU guidelines, which decide most extreme difficulties for the remote organizations. Truth be told, it takes longer effort to enroll for the business that will be built up in UK. Proposals Watching the situation in the UK showcase, it is vital for the business advertisers to conform to each standard and guidelines at the underlying stage. It tends to be recommended that building up the organizations with the neighborhood business would be a lot of accommodating in such setting. The nearby accomplices would help in understanding the legitimate standards and the technique for managing such guidelines. Besides, if the remote dealers would team up with the nearby accomplices, the organization requires paying assessment either to the EU people group or UK government. The different substance requires paying the exchange levy according to the structure set by both the EU and UK Government because of the Britain submission. Be that as it may, the tax assessment procedure would be like the neighborhood organizations. Nonetheless, it would be a lot of advantageous in understanding the strategy for making good on charges and the venture offices according to the EU guidelines. End The investigation features the legitimate and political natural impacts in UK. The stable political condition and the bigger financial structure are very useful for the remote speculators to build up their business. In any case, the Brexit impacts and severe guidelines of EU are the significant deterrent in building up the business substance. Then again, lawful guidelines forced on the outside dealers and the tax assessment process are very trying for the remote financial specialists. It is significant for the remote financial specialists to focus towards the lawful viewpoints identified with the tax collection, showcasing understandings, and scholarly properties. Prompts from the legitimate advisors would much been helpful in such setting. In addition, the outside financial specialists can set up the organization business with the neighborhood business. It would be a lot of helpful in understanding the guidelines presented by the UK governments and administrative bodies. References Bekaert, G., Harvey, C. R., Lundblad, C. T., Siegel, S. (2016). Political hazard and global valuation.Journal of Corporate Finance,37, 1-23. Besley, T. (2015). Law, guideline, and the business atmosphere: The nature and impact of the World Bank Doing Business project.Journal of Economic Perspectives,29(3), 99-120. Cavusgil, S. T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J. R., Rammal, H. G., Rose, E. L. (2014).International business. Pearson Australia. Doingbusiness.org. (2018).Doing Business in United Kingdom - World Bank Group. [online] Available at: https://www.doingbusiness.org/information/exploreeconomies/joined realm/#paying-charges [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Export.gov. (2018).Export.gov - Doing Business in the UK. [online] Available at: https://2016.export.gov/unitedkingdom/doingbusinessintheuk/index.asp [Accessed 29 Mar. 2018]. Stahl, G. K., Tung, R. L. (2015). Towards an increasingly adjusted treatment of culture in worldwide business considers: The requirement for positive multifaceted scholarship.Journal of International Business Studies,46(4), 391-414. Subedi, S. P. (2016).International venture law: accommodating approach and guideline. Bloomsbury Publishing.

A Mesophilic Origin of Life Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

A Mesophilic Origin of Life Almost all researchers concur that life on Earth started billions of years prior. Most will likewise concur that RNA showed up first and figured out how to duplicate itself, a fundamental advance in the beginning periods of life. Without this capacity of RNA, just short bits of DNA could be replicated and no proteins could be made to duplicate longer strands which would be essential for the arrangement of enzymes[1]. Past that, there is almost no understanding about the cause of life, including what the first predecessor of all life resembled. This has prompted a lot of bantering with not many answers. Researchers are as yet discussing how life started: was it a progression of progressive advances or an unconstrained assembling of the essential materials? The issue with the subsequent hypothesis is that the chances of this event are about equivalent to a tornado amassing a 747 airplane in a junkyard.[2] Starting at now, we despite everything need to consider whether the predecessor of all life, or LUCA, was a solitary being or a network of life forms sharing qualities. Another inquiry involves whether the last general regular predecessor (LUCA) stayed in a heated water condition or a cooler spot, potentially close to the outside of the sea. The specialists are part equally on this inquiry and the two sides present persuading proof for their side of the contention, however we will concentrate essentially as an afterthought that accepts that LUCA was not thermophilic, and, truth be told, lived in a cooler encompassing. This cooler encompassing would have likely been close to the outside of the sea as opposed to in the region of a warm vent close the ocean’s floor. The opposite side contends that Earth was hotter 3.5 billion years back, when life is accepted to have been brought forth. This, c... ...more proof, particularly in RNA groupings, until an answer can be built up. 1] Smith, Szathmary 1999 [2] DeDuve, 1991 [3] Whitfield, 2004 [4] Levy, Miller, 1998 [5] Vogel, 1999 [6] Brochier, Phillippe, 2002 Works Cited Brochier, C., and H. Philippe. 2002. A non-hyperthermophilic progenitor for Bacteria. Nature 417:244. DeDuve, Christian. 1991. Diagram for a Cell: The Nature and Origin of Life 100-105. Duty, M., and S.L. Mill operator. 1999. The prebiotic amalgamation of adjusted purines and their potential job the RNA world. Diary of Molecular Evolution 48:631-637. Smith, John Maynard., and Szathmary, Eros. 1999. The Origins of Life: From Birth to the Origins of Language 1-14. Vogel, G. 1999. RNA study recommends cool support of life. Science 283: 155-156. Whitfield, J. 2004. Conceived in a watery collective. Nature 427:674-676.

What to Expect on Your First Visit to MEPS

What to Expect on Your First Visit to MEPS Have you noticed how often you get to hear that Status Quo’s “In the Army Now”?It’s because you actually ARE in the army now.I mean, technically not, but once you start asking around all the details regarding this, you are definitely closer to it with each step you take and each phase you go through.For that reason, we have decided to do a brief research on what to expect on your first visit to MEPS.It’s one of the initial questions all those serious about military life have, and there are several aspects each applicant should be familiar with.Without further ado, let’s get down to explaining stage by stage!WHAT IS MEPS?Okay, the thing with the song was just a boost, you are technically still far away from being a soldier.Though, MEPS certainly is the biggest and the initial step on that exciting journey you will be taking from the very first moment the whole procedure begins.This abbreviation stands for Military Entrance Processing Station.To put things simply, absolutel y everything that has to do with joining the army starts at this very place.This is the place where each applicant undergoes a thorough evaluation so to determine whether he/she is physically, mentally and morally compatible to fit.These parameters are established by each branch of the Armed Forces.As you can assume, you can expect a thorough yet not overly complicated procedure.It actually all makes sense, and after all, you are a future soldier, certain requirements need to be fulfilled.BEFORE YOU VISIT MEPSThough common sense also does a great job in helping you make it clear what to and what not to do, still a brief reminder won’t hurt.This means there are things you need to consider before you enter the station.The sole purpose of that is to make it easier for you and to help you leave a better impression on the personnel out there.Here’s the list of all the things each applicant should have in mind:Check with parents whether there are any health issues in the childhood tha t caused you troubles and if there are any records to state that, bring them with you.Don’t forget the birth certificate, driver’s license, and a Social Security Card.Dress appropriately and moderately, wear something comfortable and look neat. Pay attention there are no offensive wording or pictures on your clothes. Hats are not allowed. Wear underclothes.Take a bath or shower the night before the examination and get sleep well.Remove all the accessories, such as piercing, jewelry, headphones, watches and similar. It’s advisable not to bring excessive cash or any valuables.If you wear contacts or glasses, don’t forget the case and the prescription.To minimize the potential troubles, ask the recruiter to give you the list of recommended personal items you are allowed to bring to basic training.And last but not the least important- be Johnny-on-the-spot! The examination begins early, so don’t be late! Be well-rested!Though some of these may sound silly (wear underclothes- l ike anyone could forget that!) when the moment comes, it’s a big one, don’t spoil it.Feelings are mixed, there’s lots of excitement, fear, enthusiasm, expectations, pressure, and whatnot!No matter how hard remaining calm it may be, do your best.Don’t mess up the big moment by forgetting some of these.After all, now that you have a list, it’s easier to check whether you have done it all right. LET THE ADVENTURE BEGIN AKA PRE-SCREENING AT MEPSThe very first phase of your new chapter in life starts before you actually leave.Your recruiter needs to perform a medical “pre- screening“ and send them to the Stations medical personnel beforehand. That way they can review them before you arrive.There’s an important thing to point out here.All the recruiters need to use the standard Stations form, as doctor’s letters are not adequate.That’s because civilian doctors are not aware of current military requirements and directives.The purpose of pre-evaluation is to determine wh ether a person is qualified.In some cases, when the condition is permanent (such as blindness, missing limb, and similar) the examination ends at that point.However, if a candidate is “disqualified for the time being”, then it means he/she can take a trip to the Station, but after obtaining the necessary medical documentation.Hospital records are the most accurate and therefore the most useful documents.Here we shall list some of the situations which require adequate papers:Any hospitalization recordsSevere allergies or serious skin diseasesBiopsies of tumors or lumpsHeart conditionAny surgery (except appendectomy, hernia, ligation of tubes and similar)Severe back or joint twistsADD/ADHDProblems with asthma (after the age of 13)Hepatitis, MononucleosisCounseling history (family, marriage etc.)As you can see, this detailed record will give a precise insight into a candidate’s health.This is very important as only those with the impeccable record are the only suitable candidates .THE FIRST ARRIVAL AT MEPSThe initial trip is usually a procedure which lasts for two days.When candidates arrive (in the afternoon) they take the computerized ASVAB test.That’s short for Armed Service Vocational Aptitude Battery test.Once the exam is completed, candidates are taken to a hotel where the Station pays for accommodation and meals. If applicants live nearby, they return home.Those who check into the accommodation will receive instructions to sign receipt of a list of rules.Though there may be slight variations from location to location, rules are pretty much similar.They usually refer to prohibited usage of drugs and alcohol, curfew provisions, noise limitation etc.If a candidate fails to follow any of these restrictions and rules, this means termination of the processing.Do know that if an applicant, by any case, has taken and passed the Battery test within two years of the visit to the Station, he/she need not retest.Make sure you really have a proper sleep as the n ext day is really a demanding and exciting one. Be responsible and reasonable, and follow all the rules and prohibitions.Do not let a stupid act such as a glass of wine to relax spoils the great thing that awaits you when the morning arrives.GOOD MORNING DAY ONE AT MEPS, MEDICAL EVALUATIONIt all starts very early, so make sure you are not late for the medical test.One of the first thing upon arrival is a breathalyzer test where the stuff will check whether a candidate is under the influence of alcohol.Even the smallest trace means disqualification.A medical questionnaire is the first thing to complete. (We hope that you have talked with your parents about any childhood health problem because that way you will fill this form in without any doubts.)After that, each applicant takes various tests.Those include blood, urine and drugs, and pregnancy test for female candidates. Blood test includes Haematocrit, Haemoglobin, RPR, and alcohol. Urine test consists of 2 parts.One detects legal drugs, and the other determines the values of pH, protein, blood and specific gravity.After these, a candidate goes through a hearing and eye exam. The second one includes color vision and depth perception.Although many jobs in the army require these to be at a normal value, lack of them is not a disqualifying factor.Those who are joining Air force need to take a strength test as well.Next phase weight check. There’s a standard established by the service, and if an applicant exceeds, he/she is disqualified for the time being.However, he/she may continue with the physical.Remember the underwear we mentioned?Hopefully, you did remember to wear those. At one point in the examination, a candidate has to undress, remaining in underclothes only. Male and female recruits are separated.Female applicants are given a drape or gown, an when removing the clothes, a female attendant accompanies them.After completing all of the above-mentioned test, candidates need to perform several exercise s. The purpose is to evaluate balance and physical attributes.If a waiver is required, do know that the Station does not require nor process it.The service you are joining to does that.There are significant variations how long until the approval or disapproval, as each waiver is individual.Many factors have influence over that, and one of them is medical profile officer recommendation.In addition to this, current needs and requirements of that particular service are also a determining factor when deciding whether to approve or disapprove.Every potential candidate needs to be of good health, which is why these medical tests are vitally important.Even if you have tried to mask or keep something for yourself, the thorough exam will reveal all that.Therefore, do not lie, it’s for your own good.WHAT IS ACTUALLY THE PURPOSE OF MEPS EVALUATION?Some applicants may wonder why the procedure is so complex and multi-layered.But, it’s joining the army after all.There are several branches (or jobs, if you prefer), and MEPS will determine where would you fit the best.Each of the fields may require some additional tests, which are specific and typical for that field only.All the assessment is done under federal laws, policies and military regulations.As we said, it is important to be completely honest.Sometimes it may happen that even your recruiter advises you to lie or withhold some information.However, do not do that. Consequences will be inevitable, and such behavior may result in termination of the entire process.THE NEXT STATION JOB SELECTION AT MEPSApplicants who pass the ASVAB test and the medical examination go to the next phase-job counseling.Assuming that you were responsible enough to research military careers beforehand, this should not be a difficult step. It’s good to have some idea in advance.However, sometimes even a counselor may have several useful tips on which position could be suitable for you.It may happen that it’s something you hadn’t thoug ht of before, but it turns out that it suits you perfectly.They will also answer any questions and doubts you have, so do not hesitate and ask whatever seems to be unclear to you. They can explain you each program so that you can have a better understanding of how will training and everything that comes after look like.You will have enough time to review the list of available jobs.After careful consideration, list them in the order of your preference and wait.After the staff evaluates and makes their lists, each candidate gets them.This usually results in two ways- an applicant is either “qualified and waiting” or booked for a job.The first situation happens when there are no available positions as listed by the candidate.YOUR NEW LIFE BEGINS WITH THE OATH OF ENLISTMENT!Congratulations you have made it to the final stage of this adventurous journey.But the greatest adventures await and will actually happen from the very moment the actual training starts.Before that big chapter b egins, there are still some things to finish. After ASVAB, medical examination and job selection, each applicant goes through a final interview. In addition to this, a candidate needs to leave fingerprints for the FBI and do a briefing prior to the Oath.And once all these are done- the Oath! Family members are also welcome to share the special moment with you and observe you take the Oath.They can even take photos of you and the officer giving you the oath. Such a unique moment is definitely a memorable one.Candidates who enter the Delayed Entry Program or not enlisting at this time return home.Those who enter active duty will receive instructions on further arrangements regarding basic training.WHEN THE LIGHTS TURN OFF…All in all, this was a complex journey.For some candidates, the end of the day means the end of the MEPS experience.For the others, it represents the beginning of the next chapter in life- military career.Yet, there are those who need to undergo few specialized tes ts for the field they are interested in. Moreover, there are those who are “qualified and waiting” until the vacancy.Whichever category you belong to, you have to congratulate yourself for going through such an emotionally and physically demanding experience.Whatever was the result, you certainly learned many useful things on the way.MEPS FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONSAlthough we gave you quite a thorough insight into the whole procedure, there are still some questions in the air.Of course, each candidate has millions of them, but we shall try to answer only those which are in common for all of them, regardless of the field they are applying for.Can citizens of other countries apply for MEPS?Only people who are legal residents in the US and possess a Bureau Of Citizenship and Immigration Services Alien Registration Card (aka Green Card) can apply.What are the general qualities necessary to join the U.S. Armed Forces?Each applicant must meet certain standards. He/she needs to be ment ally, morally and physically ready. Moreover, he/she must have good English skills (fluent speech, excellent writing, and reading). Each candidate needs to be between 17 and 35.How long are the ASVAB and physical test results valid?Both of them are valid for two years, which means a candidate can reapply in that period without having to go through then test again. Of course, if some medical conditions occurred in the meantime, an applicant is obliged to inform the staff. They will determine whether a candidate needs to go through some additional tests and examinations.How do I prepare for ASVAB?You don’t, actually. This test is about common knowledge, you either have it or you don’t. The only thing you can do is see how the test itself looks like and inform on a general basis.Which are the army branches?There are three main fields â€" Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force.Furthermore, each of them has categories, positions, rankings and so on.These are indeed the most basic ones.Ther e will be many more on the way, and your recruiter may also help you with those.As we said, feel free to ask, it will make things significantly easier both for you and the staff.GENERAL TIPS ON A TRIP TO MEPSNow that you know how the entire procedure looks like, take a deep breath and begin your journey.The most important is to be as focused as possible and try to control your emotions.You need to remain calm and that’s the most challenging and the most difficult part of all.A good plan, though, does the half of the job.That’s why we did this research after all. Once again, we shall go through each of the steps and give you a few more useful tips on each of them.To start with the preparation, you already have the list of things you should and shouldn’t bring with you.Make sure you have gathered all the necessary information regarding your childhood health.Once again, be honest. If anything happens later, and by that we mean some medical issue, which may be the result of someth ing that you lied or withheld, you will be the one dealing with the consequences.And the worst-case scenario would be: expelled from the army!You surely wouldn’t like that.Don’t forget to bring all the records with you. If you forget any piece of paper, that only delays the entire procedure.Moreover, they can label you as irresponsible, and a future soldier should look like that, right?Then, dress properly and do not bring any of the accessories we mentioned, as they will only bother you.A future candidate needs to show that he/she is capable to follow the instructions and act smartly from the very beginning.In addition to this, have a good night’s sleep and look relaxed and fresh in the morning.We know, it’s easier said than done.There’s lots of excitement in the game, so it’s very difficult to control your emotions and thoughts but do your best.After all, that count as well.When the medical examination begins, listen to the instructions carefully and follow them.You ha ve surely been on numerous check-ups of such kind, this one is just a bit more detailed than they commonly are.Just keep calm and follow the instructions, that’s all.These factors that are closely related to each candidate’s individual journey and MEPS evaluation, but still there’s the question of family members.A parent or a spouse will, quite naturally, wish to be by your side during all the procedure. The rules vary from recruiter to recruiter.The can be accommodated in the same hotel as the applicant, but not in the same room.The applicant is usually paired up so that they can bond with each other and make some sort of friendship.There will be lots of sitting, standing, and what not, it’s no time for silly conversation.We point this out as sometimes the close ones can be quite a distraction in these situations where you need to be focused and cool-headed.They are excited as well, but you are the one going through the whole thing and you need some space for yourself. Try to make a balance. Tell them if they bother you, but in a way to avoid hurting their feelings.The good thing is that they can be present during the Oath, and share the most memorable of all moments with you.Make sure they have the permission to take photos or videos.The whole thing is about privacy, confidentiality, and security that should be put in the first place.FINAL THOUGHTSIt has been long, long research.But we hope that you find plenty of useful information here. We are glad to have helped you and, in a way, became a part of one important stage of your life.Like we said several times, there are inevitably numerous questions with no answers still out there.We have done our best to give you as many answers as possible and make the whole thing less stressful.Now that you know what to expect on your first visit to MEPS, what is left is to begin your exciting journey.It’s not an easy road, no one said it would be, but it doesn’t have to be complicated. It’s entirely up to y ou to determine.The calmer you are, the smoother the trip will be. What is left is to wish you good luck and say, may the (U.S. Army) Force be with you!And you in it, of course!

Life Is A Precious Thing Essay - 1165 Words

Life is a precious thing. For some, bringing life into this world is a calling, a deeply felt desire to have a child. Unfortunately, pregnancy can come with its own complications. When pregnancy begins to infringe on a women’s well-being, spiritually or physically, and there are perceived risks to the baby, bringing that life into the world brings more questions than answers. It no longer is a debate between the rights of the women and the rights of the fetus but brings deeper ethical issues into question. This essay will take a look at one such situation, how some core Christian worldview beliefs are relevant to the case, and how a Christian would resolve this issue; as well as look at both consequences and benefits of the resolution, and an alternative. Ethical Dilemma There was this woman named Susan. Even though she had found success in her career, she wanted more, to have a baby. After many years of trying, she was finally pregnant. During a checkup, the doctor identified that her baby has Down Syndrome. This diagnosis was not only a concern for the child but also a concern on how she would be able to maintain a healthy balance between her career and her family knowing how much additional attention the baby would need. Susan decided to seek guidance from a professor of evolutionary biology. Richard’s opinion was that human beings should increase happiness and decrease suffering. Bringing a child into the world with Down Syndrome would be immoral knowing that he or sheShow MoreRelatedLife Is A Precious Thing, Death Is The Great Evil898 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Life is a precious thing, death is the great evil†, said by Heinrich Heine who is a famous poet. So we can know that life is the most important thing for every single life entity. There are a lot of words that can modify life, such as important, precious, formidable and so on. The reason why there are so many good vocabulary can modify life is nobody want to lose their own life. It is clear that not only human, but also animals cherish their own life. According to the utterance which Heine saidRead MoreEssay about Precious Movie Review1310 Words   |  6 PagesPrecious Summary The film Precious directed by Lee Daniels is a solemn movie dealing with the unfortunate truths of everyday life for some individuals. The film staring Gabourey Sidibe who plays the main character Clarice â€Å"Precious† Jones along with co-stars Mariah Carey and Leni Kravitz is based in the Ghetto of Harlem in the year of 1987. Precious is a sixteen year-old illiterate morbidly obese teenager whom has grown up in the Ghetto of Harlem in a dysfunctional family. 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The fifth stage, identify vs. role confusion from the age of 12 to 18 is the stage that Precious is in during the movie. During this stage, Erikson proposes that individuals learn a sense of self and individuality. If the adolescent is notRead MoreTheory of Neurosis from Karen Horney1721 Words   |  7 PagesThe following is an essay is based on the theory of neurosis from Karen Horney, and applied to the lead character of the movie Precious. Precious, the movie is based on the life and times of a character, Clarisse Precious Jones, who was raised in Harlem in the late 1980’s. She was raped by her father from an early age, which is revealed closer to the end of the movie, and ends up having two children from him; one of which is a â€Å"mongoloid†. 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When people go through these events, their mind will find ways to cope with their situation. These coping mechanisms are depersonalization, derealization, detachment, and dissociation. Depersonalization is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5Read MoreTaking a look at the Movie Precious652 Words   |  3 PagesThe movie Precious is revolves heavily on the severe outcomes of life and how the sever sufferings that some suffer can really effect one’s mental status. The main character of the movie is Claireece Precious Jones, referred to as Precious, a 16-year-old girl who has lived through a life of abuses with her abusive mother Monique and step father Rodney; suffering at a very young age from both her parents. In the movie, Precious lives in a ghetto in Harlem New York surviving on welfare from anRead MorePrecious Psych1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthe parenting style of Precious’ mother? 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The movie takes place in Harlem, 1987 it is about an overweight, abused, illiterate teen who is pregnant with her second child whom is invited to an alternative school in hopes that her life can head in a different path

The Effects Of Alcohol On College Students - 1832 Words

Jason P. Terrell ENG 111 28E Mrs. Boone 22 November 2015 Alcohol Abuse in College Students When students are making the transition from high school to college they begin to meet new people, make new friends, see what it’s like to be on their own and make their own decisions. This is all good and well, but sometimes they tend to make the wrong decisions. Many college students have trouble handling their newfound freedom, new acquaintances, and responsibilities in on- campus living which can lead to risky behavior later on. There are many reasons why college students choose to experiment in risky behavior which usually involves alcohol and other substances and cause them to demonstrate lack of control or good judgement resulting in possible effects such as mental and physical problems, unprotected sex, criminal charges, addictive behaviors, illnesses, injuries, and even possible death. Many college students do not realize how their choices have affected their goals, their life, and others lives before it is too late. When looking at the reasons that many college st udents engage in behavior that leads to substance abuse, one can see that there are several factors that play a part in their risky behavior. As students start to feel more comfortable, they begin to branch out and meet new people, but sometimes they meet and make friends who are bad influences. For some reason almost every incoming freshman college student thinks they need to project a party image and will doShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Alcohol On College Students Essay1312 Words   |  6 PagesAlcohol is one of the most popularly used substances in America (Fuertes Hoffman, 2016). Amongst all who consume alcohol, college students ages 18 to 24, have proven to consume more alcohol than any other age or group (Koyama Belli, 2011). 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Popular East Asian Cinema Free Essays

Introduction Wong Kar-Wai breakthroughs the boundaries of genre film, the narrative style and the efficiency requirements of the market. Wong’s movies always based on Wong’s thinking and bring out the signification. Although the movie themes are the popular, but the films are full of vitality and spirited improvisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Popular East Asian Cinema or any similar topic only for you Order Now I want to have a brief study of Wong Kar-wai’s background and focus on Wong’s theme and style study and analysis from different films such as ‘As Tears Go By’, ‘Chungking Express’, ‘In the Mood For Love’ etc. As ‘In the Mood For Love’ is my favorite movie of Wong Kar-Wai, I want to have a further study of this film and have a deeper understand about the theme, the function of music, Hong Kong people’s living during 60s. Background Wong Kar-Wai was born in Shanghai in 1958 and moved to Hong Kong when he was five years old. These five years in Shanghai had influenced Wong Kar Wai’s creativity in his films such as the scenes, lifestyle and so on. The interview by New York-based Bomb Magazine (Stephen Teo, WONG KAR-WAI P.50) described the creative subconscious of Wong ‘His father was an ex-sailor, who later worked as a nightclub manager, and his mother was a housewife. From what can be discerned in Days of Being Wild and In the Mood for Love, both films that could be described as roughly autobiographical, sense of nightclubs, gossiping housewives playing mahjong and living the life of a sailor drifting from one place to another, are the kinds of experiences of growing up that are etched in Wong’s creative subconscious.’ After the graduation in Hong Kong Polytechnic University, he started working in TVB, Hong Kong’s premier TV station as a production assistant and received the appr eciation from Kam Kwok Leong who is a famous cross-media worker of director, actor and screenwriter in Hong Kong, Wong Kar-Wai accessed a large number of creative opportunities to contributed his ideas to a script. He also worked in different kinds of genres such as comedy, cop thrillers etc. In 1987, Alan Tang Kwong-Wing (famous producer, actor and director in Hong Kong) found Wong’s Talent after he wrote the ‘Flaming Brothers’. After that, Alan Tang sponsored Wong’s first movie – ‘As Tears Go By’, it is also the starting point of Wong’s director career. Alan Tang sponsored Wong once again in 1990 for ‘Days of Being Wild’. ‘Day of Being Wild’ had spent forty million but the box office was only nine million. Although the box office was disappointed, Wong won the Best Director in Hong Kong Film Award in 1991. Theme Hong Kong cinema is very concentrate at entertaining. Scriptwriter will pay more attention to the audiences about their preferences and aesthetic views. Movie’s ornamental is the priority for the success of the commercial movies. Most of the directors are not limited by the country, nationality, history and religion. Therefore, when the directors are choosing the topic, they will mainly focus on the packaging of the movies. Hong Kong cinema can be defined as ‘art with commercial’ or ‘commercial with art’. After the development year by year, Hong Kong movie formulated a fixed narrative style for catering to the audiences. Stephen Teo (2005, P.15) mentioned about the formula of Hong Kong movies ‘The nature of Hong Kong cinema concerns the way the industry follows commercial trends and makes films according to a formula’. Most of the movies will follow the timeline to tell the story, but Wong broke the rule at that time. ‘Days of Being Wild’ is a very good example. He ignored the narrative law of the plot, so he can not only having a wider freedom for the selection of the forms and materials, but also make the film became more artificial as you can see Wong Kar Wai’s elements in the movie. He also breaks the circulation and causal chain of Hong Kong cinema’s narrative structure. In ‘Days of being wild’ is tended to show people’s daily life with uncompleted storyline and transformation. ‘Days of Being Wild’ received the spirit of the new wave of Hong Kong cinema. ‘A Better Tomorrow’ and ‘As Tears Go By’ After five years in 1980, there was a new hot wave of ‘Hero Movie’, which started from John Woo’s ‘A Better Tomorrow’. In ‘Hero Movie’, ‘Hero’ means the leader of triad instead of police. The brotherhood in ‘Hero Movie’ replaced the strangeness plot of gangster film. The scene in ‘A Better Tomorrow’ was happened in Hong Kong in 1986; it is all about a man keeps chasing personal loyalty, self-esteem, self-confidence and status. The society background usually is simple in ‘Hero Movie’; it doesn’t emphasis the contradiction between society and people. In ‘A Better Tomorrow’, it is all about the love between father and son, brotherhood, friendship, relationship, injustice and revenge. It created a fairy story of a real ‘Hero’. Wong’s ‘As Tears Go By’ is the variation of ‘Hero Movie’. The plot of ‘As Tears Go By’ is build-up on the brotherhood of Wah and Fly under the contradiction between police and triad. Merely, Wong moved the spirit of the brotherhood between Mark ‘Gor’ Lee and Sung Tse-Ho to Wah and Fly in ‘As Tears Go By’ who shot by his brother at the end. Wah is not only accomplished the brotherhood but also shows that even ‘Hero’ can’t accomplish great things gloriously. In these two films, ‘A Better Tomorrow’ is full of idealism of justice and ethics. Under the packaging with violence, the world in ‘Hero Movie’ is having a clear definition of good and evil and the desire of justice, such as Mark ‘Gor’ Lee and Sung Tse-Ho are killing the enemies together and died eventually with brotherhood, friendship and relationship. Scriptwriter arranged them died with glory. It tur ns Mark ‘Gor’ Lee becomes the hero in the legend. Merely, the Hero’ in ‘As Tears Go By’ can’t. The dead of Wah and Fly not only breaks the rule of ‘Hero Movie’ and reached the dim of the persist of life but also shows sentiment of anti-heroism. The position of the female role in ‘A Better Tomorrow’ and ‘As Tears Go By’ are having an obvious different. In ‘Hero Movie’, the function of the female is to set off the masculinity and brotherhood. However, the female in ‘As Tears Go By’ doesn’t help a lot to the destiny of the male, but they acted an important role between the developments of the relationships. If ‘Hero Movie’ praised the brotherhood, ‘As Tears Go By’ shows Wong’s persistent of love theme. When the male died, he just laid on the street without glory. Surprisingly, the last thing he was thinking was the kiss scene with his love on the street. It shows a rare but typical romantic scene in ‘Hero Movie’. Under the treatment of romantic style, it is sensitive and imaginative. From ‘As Tears Go By’, we can see Wong’s combined genre and the ambition of the theme vision. ‘Chungking Express’ Chungking Express’ is the third movie of Wong Kar Wai. The conservative atmosphere surrounded the movie market in Hong Kong at that time, but Wong dared to restructure the genre of gangster movie and romantic movie. Generally in gangster films, police are always upright and gangsters are always bad. The dramatic elements are from the justice and interest between police and gangsters. The first part in ‘Chungking Express’ breaks the narrative rule about police chasing the gangster. It is about the relationship of the strangers, Cop 223 and the unnamed female drug dealer; their relationship seems getting start but also will be end soon. In part 2, Wong even cut the part of gangster and make it as a complete romantic story between Cop 633 and Faye. Wong had his own rationale for the emotional relationships in the film (Stephen Teo, Wong Kar-Wai 2005, P.20) ‘It’s very difficult to describe why a man likes a woman, and the deep feelings between two brothers, and so on. They are all very subtle. But I wanted to put forward the proposition that time is the biggest factor. ‘Chungking Express’ proved that Wong is not only live in his own narcissistic, but also the creativity in the movie that Hong Kong people can feel and understand about. It is valuable that Wong’s being loyal to his personal feeling about Hong Kong and the p eople who are living in Hong Kong. The modernity in ‘Chungking Express’ is very strong, it makes people believe that Wong can catch the thought of the adult and teenagers more than other directors. Wong Kar Wai expressed the loneliness and the unstable status of the relationships about the people who live in this city. Wong Kar-Wai said (David Bordwell, Planet Hong Kong Popular Cinema and the Art of Entertainment, 2000, p.283) ‘the two stories are quiet independent. What puts them together is that they are both love stories. I think a lot of city people have a lot of emotions but sometimes they can’t find the people to express them to’. It is the main reason of the success of ‘Chungking Express’. ‘Happy Together’ In 1994, Peter Chan who is a famous director and producer in Hong Kong and Tsui Hark filmed ‘He’s a woman, She’s a man’ and ‘The Lovers’. It started to involve the gay elements in a film, but they didn’t have an in-depth description of homosexual relationship. Following Peter Chan and Tsui Hark, other directors started filming the similar theme. Homosexual movie became a semi-major movie theme in 90s. Comparing with Wong’s ‘Happy Together’, he breakthroughs the bias and negative render in the common homosexual film in Hong Kong. ‘Happy Together’ is about two Hong Kong people living in Argentina and describe their romantic and emotional expression. There are many daily life dialogues and plot design. ‘Happy Together’ ignored the consideration of social dimension by using the location (Argentina) to point out the axis of the relationship between the characters. Comparing with the conservative atmosphere in Hong Kong cinema, Wong Kar Wai keeping his experimental development to the popular Hong Kong movie genre and the vision of the theme. The genre of movies he had breakthrough are ‘Hero Movie’, gangster movie and semi-popular and controversial movie such as homosexual theme. In fact, Wong infused his personal theme – ‘the communication between people and people’ into different movie genres, which are having market value and gimmick. Genre movie is a commercial package, which included the theme, artistic pursuit, modern culture and western culture. Under the commercial package, Wong put his persistent theme of human motion and created his own theme and style in Hong Kong Movie. Style The Names of Wong Kar-Wai’s movies Every Wong’s movies have a clear name to the audiences even his first film (‘As Tears Go By’) doesn’t have a very strong style of Wong compare with the others. Merely, the hidden meaning behind the movie names are hard to understand, it is like we already lost our way when we first look at the movie name. Wong is well known, as he doesn’t prepare a script until the day of shooting. Therefore, it becomes very hard to capture his movies. For example, ‘Chungking Express’ (literal: Chungking Forrest) but you can’t find the trace of forest. ‘2046’ is an enigmatic figure. Wong is not only like start shooting films without complete script but also he has more different style. Wong always creates the name for the movie first, but he doesn’t base on the name to consider the plot. The name of ‘Chungking Express’ is come from the famous building ‘Chungking Mansions’ in Hong Kong. It is because Wong was told by his parent when he was young about Chungking Mansions is a horrible building, people and everything are very complicated. Chungking Mansions become a mysterious symbol in Wong’s heart. ‘Happy Together’ is from the traditional Chinese translation of a novel ‘The Buenos Aires’ Affair’, which is written by Wong’s favorite Argentine writer Manuel Puig. The first appear of ‘2046’ is when Chau Mo-Wan is closing the door, and the number badge on the door is ‘2046’ in ‘In the Mood of Love’. In 1997, the transfer of sovereignty from United Kingdom to the PRC occurred. Hong Kong under ‘one country, two systems’ will be ended after 5 0years. The year after 50 years is 2046. Wong had given 2046 different significations. In the movie ‘2046’, it represents a fantasy world. Music Wong has a strong and sensitive artistic sense. He is also very good at choosing different genre of music and applying them perfectly to the movie. The background music is just right into the film and staying at audience’s mind. In ‘Days of Being Wild’ and ‘In the Mood of Love’, Wong selected the music with the style of the 60s and 70s such as the song called ‘In the Mood for Love’ from Zhou Xuan was played by the phonograph player machine, the Jazz music ‘Quizas Quizas Quizas’. For matching the theme of martial arts in ‘Ashes of Time’, the music is majestic. Start from the prelude ‘A lonely heart’, it shows the dignified atmosphere and revealed the feeling from the heart of the agent and the other. ‘Chungking Express’, Faye keeps playing the song ‘California Dreaming’ to insinuate her love of California. Wong used ‘California Dreaming’ to tell the desire and the dream of Faye. The theme song ‘Yumeji’s Theme’ is a classic song in ‘In the Mood of Love’. No matter where the melody started, it can spur audience’s emotions. This song appeared seven times by following the slight changes between Chau Mo-Wan and Su Li-zhen. Scenes For a film, the most instant feeling that audience will receive is from the scene. Wong understand that and keeping up trying different kind of scenes. Wong Kar-Wai has a special preference of the small house in Hong Kong which is a special feature of this city. People are staying in a narrow space in most of Wong’s movie; it is the portrait of the crowded community in Hong Kong and the reflection of the world in Hong Kong people’s heart. The characters appeared in Wong’s film, they all had a closed heart such as Chau Mo-wan in ‘In The Mood of Love’, Yuddy in ‘Days of Being Wild’, Ouyang Feng in ‘Ashes of Time’, Lai Yiu-Fai in ‘Happy Together’ and Chau Mo-wan in ‘In the Mood of Love’. Wong Kar-Wai needs to write the script during the daytime, therefore most of the movie scenes occurs at the nighttime. There were also many rain scenes appeared in Wong’s movies. In ‘Days of Being Wild’, when Lulu knows that Yuddy going to Philippine alone, she walks under the heavy rain. In ‘Chungking Express’, when cop663 is waiting for Faye inside the pub, the rain was pouring. In ‘In the Mood of Love’, Chau Mo-wan and Su-Li-zhen were waiting together when it was raining. ‘In the Mood for Love’ The beginning of ‘In the Mood for Love’, Chau Mo-Wan couple and Su Li-Zhen couple live very closed to each other, they will visit landlord sometimes. Inside the narrow space, people suppose to be closer, such as Mrs Chau and Mr Chan became more intimate (betrayal). However, Chau Mo-Wan and Ms Su started having the alienation to their partners. At the same time, the alienation makes Chau and Ms Su become closer. Wong Kar-Wai deliberately put two families together and then use the feelings between people to people to re-organize and arrange their relationships. Fashion Su Li-Zhen is a typical Chinese woman. She doesn’t have any target in her life that she wants to achieve. Living and her husband are everything. When her husband cheated on her, she didn’t know what she should do. After, she started to put her mind to another man Chau Mo-Wan who also attracted by this enchanting woman. Ms Su in the movie is always wearing colorful Cheongsam, which is not only a traditional Chinese characteristic, but also the performance of Asian women’s body beauty. Cheongsam is a specific dress for woman who loves beautyin Hong Kong and China. However, there are other clothing options in 60s, but William Chang and Wong Kar-wai did not choose other costumes for her. Ms Su with Cheongsam is the woman that Chau Mo-Wan loves to see – a high class and unique woman. This is the natural development of the movie, which shows that Ms Su is a tradition of oriental, and tempting deviant woman. Cheongsam also leading the path of the film. When we lo ok at Ms Su’s move, we can see the rhythm of the film. We are not only can hear Nat King Cole’s singing but also we can ‘listen’ Ms Su’s steps. Her pace is a proper way of jazz which is created by her high heels, omega hair style and knee-length cheongsam. We cant see the rhythm if she is wearing a shirt and a throuser. Cheongsam is a representative dress in 60s and Nat King Cole is the popular Jazz singer at that time as well and gather all scenes, props and music, we know this film is exactly about 60s. Moreover, ‘Wonton’ (a traditional dishes in Hong Kong and Shanghai) and Cheongsam are the most representative icons of Shanghai. The sewing in Shanghai is the best all over China. In 60s, most of the trailors are from Shanghai. It is a small build of Shanghai in this Hong Kong movie when Ms Su is wearing a cheongsam and buying some Wonton for her dinner. When we look at Ms Su’s cheongsam, we realised that time is changing: worki ng, buying food,hanging out etc. The timeline in the movie is not by order. These are the fragments of her life, we realised that there is something building up between Chau Mo-Wan and Ms Su. Music The structure of the soundtrack is starts from Chau Mo-Wan’s dialogue and ended by Ms Su’s dialogue which are exactly the same script. Secondly, following by Shigeru Umebayashi’s ‘Yumeji’s Theme’ and the music at the middle of the movie plays by order and prefectly match the film. When you listening the soundtrack, it is like you are watching the movie as well. Mentioned earlier of the ‘Yumeji’s Theme’ which is the spirit of the whole film. It played everytime when the main characters appear, over and over throughout the film. The scene of Chau Mo-Wan was having dinner with Ms Su; the restaurant was playing Nat King Cole’s song. When Ms So told the secret which Chau Mo-Wan already known, the shot moves from right to back sliently and directed to Chau’s face. At the same time, it plays the song ‘Te Quiero Dijiste’. The fast rhythm of the beginning of the song is like telling the Chau’s psych ological reaction. Afterward, Nat King Cole’s music played again and the scene changed to the cigarette on Chau’s hand. There are many detail plot like that in the film including when two main characters were ordering the food in the restaurant. When the camera pan quickly between Chau and Ms So, Nat King Cole’s song still played slowly and brought out the ambiguous between two main characters. Nat King Cole is Wong’s mother’s favourate Jazz singer. Those three songs which used in the movie were the most popular songs at that time. Additionally, ‘In the Mood for Love’ also contained a lot of traditional opera such as Cantonese opera, Shaoxing opera. They are historic and precious. In 50s, there is a statement called ‘Radio Play’. It is not diffcult to see the effection of ‘Radio Play’ in the movie. The sounds were from the past and played through the radio to present. It makes the song become more attractive a nd effective. Galasso Michale, the music director in ‘Chungking Express’ also involved to the production of the soundtrack. He created two songs for ‘In the Mood For Love’ and there are 3 or 4 versions of each song. Matching with Nat King Cole’s Jazz, it achieves an excellent affection. The scenes There is an excellent and significant scene. The scene is about Chau-Mo Wan is pretending he is leaving Ms Su, and Ms Su cried because she is not willing to lost Chau. The scene appeared a set of straight lines, which are the bars, because the camera is reflected through the bars to Chau and Ms Su and it is like they are trapped in a cage, and lost their freedom. It is exactly the same with them situation – a married man and a married woman. Under the conservative society in 60s, they are living with invisible shackles. They lost the freedom to love publicly and they can only live under the pain. On the other hand, Wong used mirrors several times to express the relationship between entity and virtual body. This relationship reflected the other sides of Chau and Ms Su perfectly. When Chau and Ms So were writing the martial art novel in the hotel, the mirror reflected the virtual body of Chau and Ms So. They were have a short-term good time with self-indulgence. However in 60s, people cant be who they want to be or do what they want. Chau and Ms Su can only suppress their emotions. Conclusion Wong Kar-Wai made a great contribution to the Hong Kong movie industry. He changed the traditional narrative approach of Hong Kong movies, adding more personal elements and more in-depth to the local culture and life circumstances. The breakthrough of the ‘Hero Movie’ genre is an important starting point in Wong’s career. He also added the elements of female into the movies. Brotherhood in Wong’s approach, ‘Hero’ can die without glory, but they also have the feeling of love such as the last scene in ‘As Tears Go By’. Afterward, Wong had tried different kind of genre, such as ‘Chungking Express’ and ‘Happy Together’. His work is consistently about a theme: between people and communication. Wong is very well at using the music to express the emotions of the main characters. The music in the movies is not only the background music; it is also an important tool for bringing audiences into the movie and affecting their emotions. ‘California Dreaming’ in ‘Chungking Express’, the song ‘In the Mood for Love’ which is sing by Zhou Xuan was played by the phonograph player machine and the jazz music ‘Quizas Quizas Quizas’ in ‘In the Mood for Love’ etc. ‘In the Mood for Love’ is the most representative film of Wong Kar-Wai. It presented different areas in 60s including living conditions, thoughts, fashion and daily lifestyle. Cause by the living space in Hong Kong is narrow; it increased the intimacy between the neighbors. They will play mahjong, having dinner together and helping each other. It is a very good reflection of the special living style in Hong Kong. For the fashion, Cheoungsam is fully expressed the beauty of Oriental women and also the best representation of traditional Chinese culture. Under the conservative ideology in 60s, people can’t love the one they want to love; they can only enjoy the time secretly like the scene when Chau Mo-Wan and Su-Li Zhen were writing the martial art novel together. Today, many Hong Kong’s independent art films and you can see Wong’s style even in some commercial movies, but most of them are the simple copy, which are lack of creativities. Wong Kar-Wai’s film may not represent the whole film industry but he did point out the future of the Hong Kong cinema. Bibliography Books: David Bordwell, (2000) PLANT HONG KONG . POPULAR CINEMA AND THE ART OF ENTERTAINMENT. HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS. Stephen Teo, (2005) WONG KAR-WAI. United Kingdom: The Cromwell Press. Stephen Teo, (1997) Hong Kong cinema : the extra dimensions. London: BFI Publishing. Peter Brunette, (2005) CONTEMPORARY FILM DIRECTORS: WONG KAR WAI. United State of America: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Cheuk, P.T. (2009) Hong Kong New Wave Cinema: 1978 – 2000. Bristol: Intellect. Stokes, Lisa Odham; Hoover, Michael (1999) City on fire: Hong Kong cinema. London: Verso. Poshek Fu, David Desser, (2000) Cinema of Hong Kong: History, Arts, Identity. Cambridge: The Cambridge University Press. Laikwan Pang, Day Wong, (2005) Masculinities and Hong Kong cinema. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Wimal Dissanayake, Dorothy Wong, (2003) Wong Kar-Wai’s Ashes of time. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. Web page: Esolution. ‘In the Mood for Love’ Available at: http://www.wkw-inthemoodforlove.com/eng/homepg/homepg.asp (Accessed: 14 April 2011) Robert M. Payne. (2001) Jump Cut Website. Available at: http://www.ejumpcut.org/archive/jc44.2001/payne%20for%20site/wongkarwai1.html (Accessed: 14 April 2011) ‘Michael Galasso Music’ Available at: http://www.michaelgalasso.com/#home (Accessed: 14 April 2011) How to cite Popular East Asian Cinema, Essay examples

The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review Essay Example

The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review Paper Essay on The Obelisk. Sotnikov Captains one of the worst books about the war, I have read in my life. This slim book, but the hard-pretyazhelaya. Because it puts the Bulls very tough very important questions and no less tough on them answers Yes, youre right, Fisher -. A great guy in the beginning of the story. His, by the way, no one is forced to hang with the wounded, nasty coughing Sotnikov time was such that every man for himself. And to a certain point, we even empathize fishermen share his reasons, and Sotnikova so even angry over incomprehensible obstinacy Then why FINALLY SOTNIKOV -. HERO, and fishermen Mraz And here is why: there is such a thing to give his life for his friends. Sotnikov in n p and n c, and n e malosimpatichen as a literary character, we know almost nothing about him, about his life before the war (I think a teacher good, noble, but not enough to make us love it). His behavior during the interrogation, with all due respect to the great talent Bykov seems still somewhat stilted, a series of heres what we, the Soviet people. And with all this Sotnikov never think about how to give his life for his friends, to stand up for the weak front fed policeman, even if the moribund And the headman have it -. Give, not asking nothing in return. And Demchihi and they are, by the way, at first outlined are not all that well. But all the same there is, and thats it. And we feel it. And the final story that hang all quite logical its like to do wrong, nelyudskoy (read the German fascist court) of kindness and humanity. Therefore, this scene so we shocks and angers and in the end, produces the effect of catharsis shaken soul We will write a custom essay sample on The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But the fishermen do not have such a need.. Hes at the forefront of self-preservation instinct. And the Bulls played with us in a very delicate game, like not condemning this very instinct well, that this is inherent in all the biped but ispodovol leads to the fact that when the fear for himself, for his only life is the main and only motive, people gradually turns into the skin. And absolutely logical Fisherman in the beginning of the story a good, intelligent and reliable partisans, and in the end a good, intelligent and reliable policeman. Such is the evolution of the soul. Many times I tried to catch it in the GDK Rybak comes peace of fracture. And never caught. Because of this change NO. Fisherman all the way very smooth, healthy, whole, and to the river in d s l d character. Such is the whole and round bastard. Natural and wholly skin. The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review Essay Example The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review Paper Essay on The Obelisk. Sotnikov By the way, prose Bykov on the quality and texture quite amazing. As a master he is head and shoulders above all the current pisun, all these Macario Slapovskogo etc. Perhaps in the original to read -. A pleasure. I have not found on the network Stonikova in Belarusian, but found other things. I can not deny myself the pleasure and bring a long passage. Its a fire scene in the final sign byady: Jana there on padvorku, Neshta gamanÃ'â€"lÃ'â€" i krychalÃ'â€", yashche nekalkÃ'â€" razoÃ'ž strelÃ'â€"lÃ'â€" tseraz stsyanu, ale oy in Ã'â€"stoptsy nÃ'â€"choga was not chuvats agon truncated pain ubÃ'â€"raÃ'žsya  ¢ sÃ'â€"lu, Pa codend i na scenes trashchala, skvÃ'â€"rchela, Gulo palalÃ'â€" Ã'žzho so, the scene dzezhkÃ'â€"  ¢ kutse, Krosno, zasekÃ'â€", drobnae gaspadarskae Nachyn truncated draÃ'žlyanae, shmatgadovae i dry At Yai dense patyhala zharam i sypaÃ'žsya prysak, duzha pyaklo  ¢ Galavit i nogÃ'â€",. zdaetstsa, uzho zagaralÃ'â€"sya valasy on patylÃ'â€"tsy, Jan Ã'žtknulasya critter you rukaÃ'ž vatoÃ'žkÃ'â€" marudna i, n ale nyaÃ'žhÃ'â€"lna . Kutna gasps Jan tolkÃ'â€" thought INTO s oy Budza Raney zgaryts tsÃ'â€" zadyhnetstsa  ¢ smoke i did not know, INTO tsyaper lepey On karotkÃ'â€" momant svyadomasts Yai mlyava zatsmelasya, Jan zabylasya grazed achnulasya i adchula INTO on spÃ'â€"ne smylÃ'â€"ts wool. . garyts vatoÃ'žka GETA Ã'žzho byÃ'ž Kanets, i yana not  ¢ twist sa svaÃ'â€"m mills padumala: Chamuel Well Yai there, yamÃ'â€"ne not Ã'žbachyÃ'ž hto s Bombay Hots would hto nebudz of tuteyshyh SSMSC cowherd lad, zhanchynka, room zapomnÃ'â€"lÃ'â€" mestsa? , pakÃ'â€"nulÃ'â€" sign of pamyatsÃ'â€". Bo Ã'â€"naksh, kalÃ'â€" not adkapayuts getyya, for nothing prapadze Yai klopat i sprahne uselessly sÃ'â€"la on yakuyu yang spadzyavalasya. We will write a custom essay sample on The Obelisk. Sotnikov Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Obelisk. 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Living with Domestic Violence Essay Example

Living with Domestic Violence Essay Example Living with Domestic Violence Essay Living with Domestic Violence Essay Name Surname: Mehmet Tamer Ozdil Instructor’s Name: Nilgun Eker ING 102 CRN 30052 Date: July 19, 2011 Living With Domestic Violence Domestic Violence is an epidemic in societies with dramatic, negative effects on individual, families and communities. It has many different names such as family violence, battering, wife beating, and domestic abuse. All these terms refer to same thing , abuse by marital, common law or dating partner in an intimate relationship. Domestic violence is not limited to physical beating. It is any behaviour that is intended to the use of humiliation, fear nd physical or verbal assault. There are many reasons of domestic violence such as poverty, hardship and unemployement. But whatever the reasons are domestic violence has important effects on children, women and future families. First of all, domestic violence directly affect on children with most important effects. Children who witness regular acts of violence have greater emotional and behavioural pr oblems than the other children. Even very young children can be completely frightened and affected. Some of the current effects may include nightmares, anxiety, withdrawal and bedwetting. According to Clara Harlow’s studies (in the article â€Å"This Day Forward† , 2000) boys who live with family violence have extremely dangerous attitude such as aggressive and disruptive. The same studies indicate that girls exposed to family violence aim to withdraw and girls not exposed have more active behaviour than the others (2000). Secondly, family violence has many negative effects on women. One of these effects is psychological. Battered women experience increased levels of deppression, lower self-esteem and higher levels of psychological distress when compared with nonbattered women. The most severe effects of deppression is suicide attempts. As Flitcroft and Stark stated. Twenty- six percent of women taken hospitals because of suicide attempts had appareantly been ill- treated (1999). The women who are beaten by their partners have also social and physical problems such as loss of opportunity, isolation from society especially family friends, loss of income or work and it has long term impact on financial security and career. They may have poor health and physical injury. If they are pregnant, they may miscarry or the baby may be stillborn. As a result of this problems, women probably became drug or alcohol addicts. Finally, the continuity of violence at home makes domestic violence a part of future families. In a family , children typically follow their parents because they want to learn what life is and when they became adult, they usually behave in the same way their parents did. Children growing up seeing violence, have a great risk of troubled relationships in the years ahead. The possibility of experiencing violence and abuse in relationships which will be established in the future is higher than the children not exposed to family violence. Researches show that many of fathers in families which fell apart had domestic violence when they are child. It can be understood from this statical, domestic violence repeatedly happen in future families. In conclusion, domestic violence may be the biggest problem in today’s world. Economic conditions and unemployement are two of the reasons of domestic violence, but it has many negative effects which is more important then the reasons on children , women and future families. Violence cannot be stopped completely but it is possible to decrease the rate of domestic violence in many ways. People should be educated about family violence. This can be most effectiveby educating young people to help them understand that violence is never an acceptable behaviour. Communities should be encouraged to establish centers for domestic violence and there must be some entertainments, musics and jokes that might trivialize domestic violence. Original Sentences *studies indicae that boys exposed to family violence tend to be overly aggressive and disruptive. *studies shows that girls who are exposed to family violence tend to withdraw and behave more passively than girls not exposed to violence

7 Patterns of Sentence Structure

7 Patterns of Sentence Structure 7 Patterns of Sentence Structure 7 Patterns of Sentence Structure By Mark Nichol Sentence structure can be categorized into seven patterns: one simple, three compound, two complex, and one compound-complex. Here are examples of each pattern with accompanying formulas, all to help you think of how to craft sentences in a greater variety of syntax: 1. Simple sentence (independent clause): â€Å"I went for a walk.† (An independent clause is set of words that includes a subject and a predicate. It can be a sentence or part of one. A dependent, or subordinate, clause is one that cannot stand on its own but provides additional information to supplement an independent clause.) 2. Compound sentence, IC+CC+IC (independent clause plus coordinating conjunction plus independent clause): â€Å"I went for a walk, and I was soothed by the gentle night air.† (Coordinating conjunctions are words that link one independent clause to another to form a compound sentence. These words can be recalled with the mnemonic FANBOYS and include for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.) 3. Compound sentence, IC+S+IC (independent clause plus semicolon plus independent clause): â€Å"I went for a walk; I was soothed by the gentle night air.† 4. Compound sentence, IC+AC+IC (independent clause plus adverbial conjunction plus independent clause): â€Å"I went for a walk; consequently, I was soothed by the gentle night air.† (Adverbial conjunctions are adverbs that serve, when following a semicolon, to link independent clauses. They include consequently, however, moreover, nevertheless, therefore, and thus.) 5. Complex sentence, DM+C+IC (dependent marker plus clause plus independent clause): â€Å"Because I hoped to be soothed by the gentle night air, I went for a walk.† (Dependent markers are words that provide a relative context for a subordinate clause. They include after, although, as, â€Å"as if,† because, before, if, since, though, until, when, where, whether, and while.) 6. Complex sentence, RP+C (relative pronoun plus clause): â€Å"Whatever doubts I had about taking a walk dissipated when I was soothed by the gentle night air.† (Relative pronouns are pronouns that relate a subordinate clause to the noun it modifies. They include who, whom, whose, whoever, whosoever, whomever, which, what, whatever, and sometimes that.) 7. Compound-complex sentence, DC+IC+CC+IC (dependent clause plus independent clause plus coordinating conjunction plus independent clause): â€Å"As I headed out for a walk, my doubts about doing so dissipated, and I was soothed by the gentle night air.† There are, of course, many variations to these patterns; even a simple sentence, for instance, can begin with the object in the example converted to the subject of another simple sentence: â€Å"A walk was my next order of business.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should Know40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different†20 Classic Novels You Can Read in One Sitting

Family Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Family Values - Essay Example She was caught off guard and humiliated over something small. Although the teacher has rules, to humiliate a child in front of the entire class was not the best idea that was available. Because of the way that Emily handled this situation, she is clearly in Kohlberg's Preconventional Morality stage and within stage one (Gould, 2009, p. 2). In this stage, she is more afraid of punishment than she is about going back to the class. In this situation, she was following the rules and the teacher created a situation that made her leave the class rather than face the embarrassment of going back. She avoids punishment by not going back to class and not telling her parents what happened. The teacher could have called Emily to his desk or asked her to speak to him after class. If he had done so, this would have given Emily a chance to explain t him what had happened instead of being humiliated in front of the class. Emily could have talked to her parents about the situation immediately so that it did not move into more fear. Unfortunately, from the case study, it did not seem that she was able to talk to her parents about it perhaps because of fear of punishment. Her parents do not seem to be involved very much with Emily because they were not suspicious of her wanting to stay out of school, although this was out of the ordinary for her. In the classroom situation, Emily has been classically conditioned to do what she is told and follow the rules. She may also have to follow rules at home without question. Because of this, she seems to have a high level of anxiety when she has to confront a situation as she did in Mr. Robinson's class. According to Richards and Blanchette (2004), classical conditioning can be used to understand how to work with people who have challenges with emotions. In this situation, it would have been beneficial for Emily to talk to her friend or to her parents about the situation.

Hormones on Sexual Arousal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hormones on Sexual Arousal - Essay Example It is easiest to study male and female arousal in other primates because we have greater control (Carlson, 2002) . The ability to mate is not controlled by ovarian hormones. A woman can have intercourse at any time in her cycle. This makes it difficult to know exactly how much influence ovarian hormones have on arousal. Most studies show that these hormones have only a minimal effect on female arousal. It should be noted that these studies have been done on married women who are with their partner daily. It should be considered that a woman may take part in intercourse because of her husbands desire. Studies of female monkeys have shown that the menstrual cycle does have a strong effect on female arousal (Wallen, 2003). Studies of married women show that these females were, when tested through their entire cycle, more aroused when their testosterone levels were at their highest. When the adrenal glands, the gland that produces androgens, are removed from female monkeys the sexual drive of the money was greatly reduced. Adding testosterone reinstituted sexual arousal. Oxyctocin levels also seem to place a role in arousal. Higher levels start contractions of the uterus and the vagina that accompanies orgasm. It is likely that the pleasant â€Å"afterglow† that follows intercourse is also due to oxyctocin (Wallen, 2003). Pheromones are generally odors that are generally received through the olfactory portion of the brain but can also be absorbed through the skin. These pheromones tend to enhance hormone production in the female including oxyctocin. That would give a second explanation as to why touch enhances hormone production. There is also evidence that vision influences the production of oxyctocin (Wallen, 2003). Researchers are beginning to believe it is the combination of high testosterone levels and high oxyctocin levels that motivates female arousal. If both

Computers :: essays research papers

Computers Computer are electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out a program by performing calculations on numbered data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information. The old world of technology could not believe about the making of computers. Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout our world in the handling of data including secret governmental files and making banking transactions to private household accounts. Computers have opened up a new world in manufacturing through the developments of automation, and they have made modern communication systems. They are great tools in almost everything you want to do research and applied technology, including constructing models of the universe to producing tomorrow's weather reports, and their use has in itself opened up new areas of development. Database services and computer networks make available a great variety of information sources. The same new designs also make possible ideas of privacy and of restricted information sources, but computer crime has become a very important risk that society must face if it would enjoy the benefits of modern technology. Two main types of computers are in use today, analog and digital, although the term computer is often used to mean only the digital type. Everything that a digital computer does is based on one operation the ability to determine if a switch, or gate is open or closed. That is, the computer can recognize only two states in any of its microscopic circuits on or off, high voltage or low voltage, or—in the case of numbers—0 or 1. The speed at which the computer performs this simple act, however, is what makes it a marvel of modern technology. Computer speeds are measured in megaHertz, or millions of cycles per second. A computer with a "clock speed" of 10 mHz—a fairly representative speed for a microcomputer—is capable of executing 10 million discrete operations each second. Business microcomputers can perform 15 to 40 million operations per second, and supercomputers used in research and defense applications attain speeds of billions of cycles per second. Digital computer speed and calculating power are further enhanced by the amount of data handled during each cycle. If a computer checks only one switch at a time, that switch can represent only two commands or numbers; thus ON would symbolize one operation or number, and OFF would symbolize another. By checking groups of switches linked as a unit, however, the computer increases the number of operations it can recognize at each cycle. The first adding machine, a precursor of the digital computer, was

Physical Development in Middle Adulthood Paper Essay

As the human body ages and reaches a point where it is no longer growing and changing due to hormones, it slowly starts to change in other ways. Age starts to take its toll much earlier on the body than most people think. Physical, mental and emotional changes are being made in the middle parts of an adult’s life. The midpoint of a person’s life is a period from age 35 to 64, and it is referred to as middle adulthood. Webster defines middle as â€Å"equal distance from beginning to the end† and the word adult is a person who is â€Å"fully grown or developed† (Dictionary 2010). Combining these words is like saying that an individual is half way through with his/her life. Many individuals have achieved happiness by this point in their lives. However, there is some who feel like they are closer to death without accomplishing anything. Middle adulthood brings about many changes and stresses to deal with daily. How an individual handles these issues determines if he or she achieves total happiness with their self. Middle adulthood is the time in life where individuals experience extreme amounts of responsibilities that could include the caring of aging parents or children (Dacey et al., 2009). Menopause is a woman’s first sign of aging that usually starts with a few years of turning 50 (Myers, 2008). Menopause is a very strenuous time in a woman’s life, with so many hormonal changes that can upset a woman’s normal balance of life. Physical symptoms of menopause are mood swings, emotional outbursts, hot flashes, and insomnia. There are available medications to help with the effects that occur during menopause. Health problems that evoke during these periods are Hypertension, asthma, arthritis, rheumatism and the metabolism starts to slow down. With hypertension (high blood pressure) affects 40% of adults in the United States being more prevalent among African Americans and poor people (Papalia et al., 2007). This disorder leads to individuals having heart attacks and strokes. Having blood pressures screenings can detect this disorder, and it can be treated effectively with medication. The three leading causes of death for individuals between the ages of 35 and 54 are cancer being number one, 2nd heart disease, and 3rd accidents. Women’s hormonal changes are known as menopause and are a decrease in the production  of estrogen. Male climacteric is a decrease in sex hormones. Both middle age men and women go through hormonal changes and physical developments. Both genders might expectance emotions of anxiety, nervousness, fatigue and decrease in sexual desires. As both genders began get older, their hair begins to get thinner and gray and get start getting wrinkles. While this makes most men appear attractive, it is viewed as unattractiveness or over the hill for women. According to Erik Erickson’s stages of psychosocial development Generativity is the stage of middle adulthood the particular age is debatable, some sources identify the period between age 25 to 45, others identify the period between 45 to 65, generativity is particularly characterized by an individual’s turning from self-centered objectives and becoming more interested and concerned with others, including a desire to nurture, care for, inspire and support others, their object can be within their own family or encompass their community and even encompass society as a whole. Middle adulthood is the time when interest shifts from self to others, it is the time of reflection Sexual development progresses throughout adulthood. Several elements such as pregnancy, chronic illness, stress, and the usual aging process affect adult sexuality. Adult men and women go through many physical and psychological changes as they age that can affect sexual relations and sexuality. In general, health and wellness has a significant effect on sexual development in middle aged men and women. Adult men and women that go through a decrease in sexual activity could profit from many treatments. Such treatments include hormone replacement therapy (HRT), selective enzyme inhibitors (Cialis, Viagra), 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (Proscar, Adodant), and sex therapy. Adult men normally have a decrease in testosterone production after the age of 25 or so. Testosterone levels are lower which can lead to a lack of sexual passion and complications performing erection. Sexual function in men who are middle age and older is very common. Adult women, typically between the ages of 45 and 60, menstrual periods stop, this is called menopause, and the ovaries stop generating the hormone estrogen. Menopause affects sexuality which can cause vaginal dryness and tenderness and reduces sexual cravings. Eating a proper diet, avoiding smoking and getting regular exercise allows many adults to continue sexual  desires and relationships during the course of their life cycle. Sexual partners that uphold open communication along with proper treatment of medical conditions can allow older adults keep affection part of life into older age. The changes in life can be many, and can often be terrifying for an adult to go through, not to mention stressful. Many adults going through this period tend to find outlets and ways to go about dealing with these changes, often referred to as a â€Å"mid-life crisis†, which allow them to put off feeling like their lives are already over, or allow them to come to terms with growing older and allowing them to feel more at peace with it. Conclusively, it is noted in many places that â€Å"Old is beautiful† or â€Å"40 is the new 20†, so perhaps people have found healthy outlets to allow them to be happier with being older. Reference: Sexuality in Adulthood. Retrieved from: blue.utb.edu

Global Climate Changes Happen - 1630 Words

Global climate changes happen. This however is not always the best thing though. When some people think of the terms â€Å"global climate change†, they think of just a temperature change and not always the bad things that can happen to our environment and living things as well. There are many things that cause the climate changes. I want to talk about three reasons that climate change happens. First, you have the â€Å"greenhouse effect†, which is warm air being trapped in the lower atmosphere. Secondly, the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The third issue is deforestation, or the clearing of land and burning of forests. How are all three of these issues impacting our environment? The Earth is becoming warmer which can hurt certain places and animals who cannot adapt to the warmer weather. With more heat comes more evaporation causing the sea levels to rise. Also, farms are being hurt to not being able to successfully grow a lot of the things that they are used to growing with their climate. Some crops cannot live in warmer temperatures but instead need cooler climates. While the Earth is heating up, these crops are having a lot of difficulty surviving. I feel that the United States could be doing a lot more to help prevent the climate changes. Producing oil and coal to better our economy seems to be the main focus rather than making the changes necessary to take some effective action. Europe has more interestShow MoreRelatedHow Can An Injustice Be Changed?1186 Words   |  5 Pagesinjustice be changed? First, one must have the knowledge of the injustice. Global climate change is an injustice because it brings damage and harm to animal, human, and environmental habitats. â€Å"Global climate change affects Earth’s capacity to sustain life†. Global climate change refers to the alteration of the Earth’s atmosphere temperature (Glossary). Utilitarianism is a theory to find alternatives to combat global climate change. Utilitarianism focuses on the positives influences that come to the greatestRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On Our Planet s Ecosystem1173 Words   |  5 PagesMother Earth is burning as we speak; humanity has killed our precious Earth. Global-warming is a vicious killer that was created by the humans on this Earth, and there s no way to cure it. We, as humans, have the power to cleanse the Earth, but instead we destroy it. Heat is absorbed by carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. A greenhouse gas absorbs thermal radiation emitted by the Earth s surface. As the sun s energy reaches the Earth’s surface, some of it is released into space, some is absorbedRead MoreGlobal Warming Is A True?1103 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is global warming? Global warming is a slow increase in the overall climate of the world s atmosphere normally associated with the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other type of pollutions. Is it real? Scientist every day debate if global warming is a true factor or not. For example, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change wrote this on Climate Hot Map, Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are beingRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The World856 Words   |  4 Pagessustainable place for future generations? Climate change is happening weather we like it or not, what are we going to do? Mahtma Ghandi once said â€Å" you need to be the change you wish to see in the world†. Climate change is causing unbelievably high levels of carbon dioxide , the global economy is estimated to drop by 23 percent by 2100. Our glaciers are melting at an unbelievable pace, Zacharie Isstrom is melting at a pace of 5 billion tons per year. Climate change has been changing for over 650’000Read MoreGlobal Warming And Global Climate Change1139 Words   |  5 Pages The topic of global climate change has been a much debated topic over the years. There is no real scientific consensus on global warming. However, much destruction has happened to the earth that questions the scientific or empirical link between extreme weather and global climate change. There are a lot of events that happens around the globe such as floods, increased precipitation, sea-level rise, and hurricanes that questions the theory of global climate change. Without any clear cut evidenceRead MoreGlobal Warming And The Warming1353 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Warming With it being the presidential election season the talk of global warming, also known as climate change has come up in conversation more. But should it be associated with whether you are republican or democrat? Global warming should not be rather you â€Å"believe† in because it is a stated fact. The definition by Oxford Dictionary declares that global warming is a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect causedRead MoreClimate Change And The Quest For Clean Energy1604 Words   |  7 PagesClimate Change and the Quest for Clean Energy Final Exam YALE STUDENT ID: _______________914684600________________________ Part A (select one question to answer): 2. Maurice Strong (the Secretary General of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit) liked to distinguish between â€Å"success† and â€Å"real success† in international agreements. Discuss the 2015 Paris climate change agreement with regard to whether it represents success or real success. Last week at Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies,Read MoreGlobal Warming Is Not Only Affecting The Earth1451 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal warming is not only affecting the earth, but it is also affecting many animals at a very alarming rate. One species of animal that has been affected in a major way are seals. The species of seals consist of harp, hooded and ringed seals.The lives of seals are being threatened by the climate change that is happening throughout many arctic, antarctic regions, and other areas of the world. Due to climate change caused by global warming in the arctic and the antarctic regions, rapid ice loss hasRead MoreFacts About Global Warming and Climate Change869 Words   |  4 PagesFacts about Global Warming and Climate Change We know of no other habitable place in the universe comparable to planet earth. But the climate change poses obvious threat to all forms of life in the planet and no living creature is exempted. Extreme and unpredictable weather events and catastrophes are too overwhelming. Sometimes, people may need international aid to stand up. It’s quite alarming how global warming affects the world. Imagine the world’s coolest places, the Arctic and Antarctica withRead MoreThe Consequences And Extinction Of Animals By Climate Change Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe Consequences and the Extinction of Animals By Climate Change â€Å"The warnings about global warming have been extremely clear for a long time. We are facing a global climate crisis. It is deepening. We are entering a period of consequences† (Al Gore). Global warming is a nationwide problem that is affecting people and the environment by the greenhouse gases. Global warming increases the atmospheric temperature. For instance, the solar radiation is reflected by the Earth’s atmosphere. Earth s surface